Question

 He is the one whohad committed lots ofmistakes and crimes against Islam and itsregulations.

 The most wickedamong Mu`awiyah's deeds is hiswarfare against Imam Ali (a.s.) and thewicked ritual - enacted byhim - to insult Imam Ali (a.s.) on the pulpit inevery part of theIslamic country - this lasted until the ruling time of theUmayyadcaliph `Umar ibn Abdil `Aziz.

 It is worthy to mention that theHolyProphet (s.w.) had already said, "Whosoever enacts a wickedritual,then the penalty of enacting such a ritual shall be on him andthose whofollow this ritual.

"Question No.

8When did the Sunni Sects Exist?It is certain that there was nothing called "Sunni sects" in thelifetime ofthe Holy Prophet (s.w.), not even after his demise.

 TheSunni sects haveemerged in the 3rd and 4th centuries (Hijri) as aresult of political anddogmatic differences.

 Some of those sectshave been abrogated andother were authorized.

We have here some questions in regard to this subject:1- Why were some of those sects authroized and other wererejected?Are there any Quranic evidences and demonstrations, orprophetictraditions that urge us to follow, for example, the Hanafior Maaliki sect?Weren't the founders of the rejected sectsmujtahids? If so, hasn't anymujtahis the right to disclose his ownopinion, like Abu Hanifa whopractised ijtihad - which he remaineddoing so till the end of his life?2- Were the four famous sects existing in the time of the caliphs?Werethe caliphs performing their duties and judging peopleaccording to theirown opinions?We can notice the great difference between the Sunnis in the timeof theUmayyad, Abbasid, and the Ottoman dynasties, andbetween the Sunnisin present time, especially in regard to issuesof fiqh and beliefs.

3- Can we trust those traditions fabricated by the oppressiveUmayyad,Abbasid and Ottoman caliphs; traditions which werefabricated in theirown benefit and to keep them in power -traditions which were cosider tobe the exact words of the HolyProphet (s.w.)?4- Can we regard all the savage behaviours of the partisans called"theArmy of Sahabah" or the Wahhabites as Islamic propagation,and thatthey are guiding people to the true rules of Islam? Are theSunnispropagating the true sunnah of the Holy Prophet (s.w.), or infact, theyare propagating the sunnah of the Umayyads and theAbbasids?5- Were there any sects in the lifetime of the Holy Prophet (s.w.)?Allhistorical records confirm that there were not any sects in thattime.

Moreover, the term "Sunni" had generated in the time ofMu`awiyah andlater on.